Enbrel is a brand name for a medication called etanercept. It is a biologic drug that belongs to a class of medications known as tumour necrosis factor (TNF) inhibitors. Enbrel is primarily used to treat certain autoimmune diseases, particularly rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, and plaque psoriasis.

Here's a brief overview of its main uses:

1. Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA): Enbrel is prescribed to reduce the signs and symptoms of moderate to severe rheumatoid arthritis, an autoimmune condition that causes joint inflammation.
2. Psoriatic Arthritis: For individuals with psoriatic arthritis, a condition that combines arthritis and psoriasis, Enbrel can help alleviate symptoms and improve joint function.
3. Ankylosing Spondylitis: Enbrel is also used to treat ankylosing spondylitis, a type of inflammatory arthritis that primarily affects the spine.
4. Plaque Psoriasis: In cases of moderate to severe plaque psoriasis, Enbrel may be prescribed to reduce the symptoms associated with this chronic skin condition.

Enbrel works by targeting and neutralizing a protein called tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), which plays a role in the inflammatory process. By inhibiting TNF-alpha, Enbrel helps reduce inflammation in the joints and skin, providing relief for individuals with autoimmune diseases.

It's important to note that Enbrel is administered via subcutaneous injection, and its use should be under the supervision of a healthcare professional. As with any medication, there are potential side effects, and individuals considering or using Enbrel should discuss the risks and benefits with their healthcare provider.

The administration of Enbrel (etanercept) involves subcutaneous injections, and it is important to follow the specific instructions provided by your healthcare provider. Here is a general guideline on how to take Enbrel, but always consult with your healthcare professional for personalized instructions:

1. Storage:
   • Keep Enbrel refrigerated at 2°C to 8°C.
   • Do not freeze. If accidentally frozen, discard the medication.
   • Allow the Enbrel prefilled syringe or autoinjector to reach room temperature for about 15 to 30 minutes before injection. Do not use external heat sources.
2. Preparing the Injection Site:
   • Choose an injection site as instructed by your healthcare provider. Common sites include the front of the thighs or the abdomen (avoiding a 2-inch area around the navel).
   • Clean the injection site with an alcohol swab and let it air dry.
3. Preparing the Medication:
   • Inspect the Enbrel prefilled syringe or autoinjector for any discoloration or particles. Do not use if the solution is discolored or contains particles.
   • Remove the cap from the syringe or autoinjector.
4. Administering the Injection:
   • Pinch the cleaned skin at the injection site.
   • Insert the needle at a 45 to 90-degree angle into the pinched skin fold.
   • Inject the medication slowly and steadily.
   • Hold the syringe or autoinjector firmly in place for a few seconds after injecting to ensure all medication is delivered.
5. Disposing of Materials: Safely dispose of used syringes or autoinjectors in a puncture-resistant container as per local regulations.

It's crucial to attend regular follow-up appointments with your healthcare provider, who will monitor your response to Enbrel and make any necessary adjustments to your treatment plan. Additionally, inform your healthcare provider about any side effects or concerns you may have while taking Enbrel. Always read and follow the instructions provided in the medication's packaging, and do not hesitate to seek clarification from your healthcare professional if needed.

If you forget to take a dose of Enbrel (etanercept), it's important to follow certain guidelines. However, the specific recommendations can vary, so it's crucial to consult with your healthcare provider for personalised advice. Here are some general considerations:

1. Missed Dose:
   • If you realise you missed a dose of Enbrel and it is still the same day, take the missed dose as soon as possible.
   • If it's close to the time for your next scheduled dose, skip the missed dose and resume your regular dosing schedule.
2. Next Dose: Do not take a double dose to make up for a missed one. Taking more than the prescribed amount can increase the risk of side effects without providing additional benefits.
3. Notify Your Healthcare Provider: If you miss a dose, it's advisable to inform your healthcare provider. They can provide guidance on how to proceed and may offer recommendations based on your specific situation.
4. Follow-up: Stick to your regular dosing schedule after a missed dose. Consistency is crucial for the effectiveness of Enbrel in managing your condition.

It's important to note that missing occasional doses may not significantly impact the long-term effectiveness of Enbrel, but consistency is key to achieving the best results. If you find it challenging to remember your injections, consider setting up reminders or incorporating the medication schedule into your routine.

Always follow the instructions provided by your healthcare provider and the medication's packaging. If you have any concerns or questions about your Enbrel dosing, contact your healthcare professional for guidance. They can provide specific advice based on your medical history and the nature of your treatment.

If you accidentally take too much Enbrel (etanercept), it's important to seek medical attention promptly. Taking more than the prescribed dose can increase the risk of adverse effects and may require medical intervention. Here are some general steps to consider:

1. Contact Emergency Services: If you suspect that you have taken an overdose of Enbrel, contact emergency services or your local poison control centre immediately.
2. Go to the Nearest Emergency Room: If possible, go to the nearest emergency room for immediate medical attention. Bring the medication packaging or any relevant information with you.
3. Symptom Monitoring: Be vigilant for any signs or symptoms of overdose, which can vary. Common symptoms may include dizziness, nausea, vomiting, difficulty breathing, and an increased risk of infections.
4. Inform Healthcare Provider: After seeking emergency medical attention, inform your healthcare provider about the overdose incident. They can provide further guidance on how to proceed with your Enbrel treatment.
5. Prevention of Future Overdoses: To prevent accidental overdoses in the future, ensure that you adhere strictly to your prescribed Enbrel dosage and schedule. If you have difficulty remembering your doses, consider setting up reminders or using other aids.

It's crucial to never self-adjust your Enbrel dosage without consulting your healthcare provider. Your healthcare professional is best positioned to determine the appropriate dosage based on your specific medical condition and response to treatment.

Remember, the information provided here is general in nature, and specific guidance may vary based on individual circumstances. Always follow the advice and instructions of your healthcare provider and seek immediate medical attention in case of a suspected overdose.

Proper storage of Enbrel (etanercept) is essential to maintain the medication's effectiveness and ensure patient safety. Here are general guidelines on how to store Enbrel, but it's important to note that specific instructions may be provided on the medication packaging, and individual circumstances can vary. Always follow the advice of your healthcare provider and the instructions provided with your specific Enbrel product.

1. Refrigeration:
   • Enbrel should be stored in the refrigerator at a temperature between 2°C to 8°C.
   • Do not freeze Enbrel. If the medication accidentally freezes, it should be discarded.
2. Protection from Light:
   • Protect Enbrel from direct light.
   • Store the medication in its original carton to shield it from light exposure.
3. Avoiding Extreme Temperatures:
   • Do not expose Enbrel to extreme temperatures. Keep it within the recommended temperature range.
   • Do not store Enbrel in the freezer or in a compartment of the refrigerator that reaches below freezing temperatures.
4. Do Not Shake: Avoid shaking the Enbrel prefilled syringe or autoinjector vigorously. Gently mix the solution by turning the prefilled syringe or autoinjector upside down and right side up a few times.
5. Expiration Date: Check the expiration date on the packaging and do not use Enbrel if it has expired.
6. Room Temperature Before Use: If you are using Enbrel prefilled syringes or autoinjectors, allow them to reach room temperature for about 15 to 30 minutes before injection. Do not use external heat sources to warm the medication.

Always consult the specific product information provided by your healthcare provider and the instructions that accompany the Enbrel packaging. If you have any questions or concerns about the storage of Enbrel, contact your healthcare professional for guidance.

Enbrel (etanercept) is generally well-tolerated, but like any medication, it can cause side effects. Not everyone will experience these side effects, and some individuals may experience side effects that are not listed. It's essential to discuss any concerns or potential side effects with your healthcare provider. Common and serious side effects associated with Enbrel include:

Common Side Effects:

1. Injection Site Reactions: Mild reactions such as redness, swelling, itching, or pain at the injection site are common. These reactions are usually temporary and may improve over time.
2. Upper Respiratory Infections: Some individuals may experience symptoms of upper respiratory tract infections, such as a cold.
3. Headache: Headaches are among the common side effects reported by individuals taking Enbrel.
4. Dizziness: Feeling lightheaded or dizzy may occur.
5. Rash: Skin rash or irritation may occur.

Serious Side Effects:

1. Infections: Enbrel can increase the risk of serious infections, including bacterial, fungal, and viral infections. It's crucial to contact your healthcare provider if you develop signs of infection, such as fever, persistent cough, or flu-like symptoms.
2. Allergic Reactions: Serious allergic reactions are rare but possible. Seek immediate medical attention if you experience symptoms such as difficulty breathing, swelling of the face or throat, or severe itching.
3. Blood Disorders: Enbrel may affect blood cell counts. Your healthcare provider will monitor your blood counts regularly.
4. Heart Failure: In rare cases, heart failure has been reported. Inform your healthcare provider if you experience symptoms such as shortness of breath, swelling, or sudden weight gain.
5. Nervous System Disorders: Enbrel has been associated with central nervous system disorders, such as multiple sclerosis-like symptoms. Report any new or worsening neurological symptoms to your healthcare provider.
6. Cancer: There have been reports of certain types of cancer in patients receiving Enbrel. Discuss your medical history and any concerns about cancer risk with your healthcare provider.

These lists are not exhaustive, and other side effects may occur. Always read the medication's package insert for comprehensive information, and consult your healthcare provider if you have any questions or experience side effects while taking Enbrel.

Yes, Enbrel (etanercept) may interact with other medicines. It's important to inform your healthcare provider about all the medications, supplements, and over-the-counter drugs you are currently taking to avoid potential interactions. Some medications may affect the way Enbrel works, or Enbrel may impact the effectiveness or safety of other drugs. Here are some examples of potential interactions:

1. Live Vaccines: Enbrel may reduce the effectiveness of live vaccines, and live vaccines should generally be avoided while on Enbrel. Discuss vaccination plans with your healthcare provider.
2. Immunosuppressive Medications: Using Enbrel with other immunosuppressive medications may increase the risk of infections. Your healthcare provider will carefully consider the use of such combinations.
3. Certain Biologic Medications: Combining Enbrel with other biologic medications targeting the same pathway may increase the risk of infections or adverse effects.
4. Certain Disease-Modifying Antirheumatic Drugs (DMARDs): Combining Enbrel with certain DMARDs may increase the risk of infections or other side effects.
5. Certain Medications That Affect the Liver: Enbrel may be associated with liver enzyme elevations. Combining it with medications that affect the liver may increase the risk of liver problems.
6. Theophylline: Enbrel may increase the levels of theophylline, a medication used to treat respiratory conditions. Your healthcare provider may need to adjust the theophylline dosage.

Always provide your healthcare provider with a complete list of your medications, including prescription and over-the-counter drugs, as well as any herbal supplements or vitamins. Your healthcare provider will assess potential interactions and adjust your treatment plan accordingly.

Do not stop or change the dosage of any medication without consulting your healthcare provider. If you have concerns about potential interactions, discuss them with your healthcare provider before starting Enbrel or any new medication.

Are Enbrel injections painful?

The experience of pain during Enbrel (etanercept) injections can vary from person to person. Factors such as individual pain tolerance, the injection technique used, and the location of the injection can influence the level of discomfort. Enbrel injections are typically administered subcutaneously (under the skin), and the medication is available in pre-filled syringes or autoinjectors.

Here are some general considerations:

1. Pain at the Injection Site:
   • Mild pain, redness, swelling, or itching at the injection site is a common side effect of Enbrel injections.
   • Using proper injection technique, such as injecting at a 45 to 90-degree angle into a pinch of skin, can help minimise discomfort.
2. Autoinjector vs. Prefilled Syringe: Some individuals may find that using an autoinjector is more convenient and lessens the perception of pain compared to manually injecting with a prefilled syringe. Autoinjectors are designed to deliver the medication quickly and with minimal effort.
3. Room Temperature: Allowing the Enbrel prefilled syringe or autoinjector to reach room temperature for about 15 to 30 minutes before injection may reduce the sensation of cold, potentially decreasing discomfort.
4. Needle Size: Enbrel injections use a thin needle, which can contribute to a more comfortable injection experience for many individuals.
5. Discussing Pain Management with Healthcare Provider: If pain or discomfort is a concern, it's important to discuss it with your healthcare provider. They may provide tips on injection technique, recommend pain management strategies, or explore alternative methods if necessary.

It's crucial to follow the recommended injection technique provided by your healthcare provider or the instructions accompanying the Enbrel product. If you have concerns about pain during Enbrel injections, communicate openly with your healthcare provider to ensure the best possible experience and adherence to your treatment plan.

Does Enbrel lower your immune system?

Yes, Enbrel (etanercept) does have an immunosuppressive effect. Enbrel is classified as a tumour necrosis factor (TNF) inhibitor, and it works by targeting and neutralizing TNF, a protein involved in the inflammatory response. By inhibiting TNF, Enbrel helps reduce inflammation, making it effective in the treatment of autoimmune conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, and plaque psoriasis.

The immunosuppressive effect of Enbrel means that it can weaken certain aspects of the immune system. This suppression may increase the risk of infections, including bacterial, fungal, and viral infections. Individuals taking Enbrel are advised to be vigilant for signs of infection and to promptly report any symptoms to their healthcare provider.

It's important for healthcare providers to monitor patients on Enbrel for signs of infections and to consider the overall health of the individual when prescribing this medication. Additionally, live vaccines are generally not recommended while on Enbrel due to potential reductions in vaccine effectiveness.

Patients taking Enbrel should maintain regular communication with their healthcare provider, adhere to preventive measures, and promptly report any signs of infection to ensure proper management of their health while on this medication. The decision to use Enbrel is typically made in consultation between the patient and their healthcare professional, carefully weighing the benefits of the medication in managing autoimmune conditions against the potential risks.

How long can Enbrel be out of the fridge?

Certainly. Enbrel (etanercept) should be stored in the refrigerator at temperatures between 2°C to 8°C. If needed, Enbrel can be kept at room temperature (up to 25°C) for a single period of up to 14 days. During this time, it should be used, and any remaining medication should be discarded after the 14-day period. It's important to avoid freezing Enbrel, and before using Enbrel that has been stored at room temperature, it should be allowed to return to room temperature for about 15 to 30 minutes before injection. Always follow the specific storage instructions provided by your healthcare provider or on the medication packaging, and consult your healthcare professional if you have any questions or concerns about the storage of Enbrel.

How long does Enbrel stay in your system?

The duration of time that Enbrel (etanercept) stays in the system can vary among individuals. Enbrel is a biologic medication, and its elimination from the body depends on several factors, including the individual's metabolism, overall health, and the specific characteristics of their immune system.

Enbrel is typically administered through subcutaneous injections, and its half-life (the time it takes for half of the drug to be eliminated from the body) is approximately 70 to 132 hours. This means that it may take several weeks for Enbrel to be mostly cleared from the system.

However, it's important to note that the therapeutic effects of Enbrel often persist beyond the time it takes for the drug to be eliminated. The medication's impact on the immune system and its ability to control inflammation may continue even after the drug has been metabolized and excreted.

Individuals considering discontinuing or changing their Enbrel treatment should consult with their healthcare provider. The decision to stop or alter the medication regimen should be made collaboratively with the healthcare professional to ensure the best management of the underlying autoimmune condition. It's crucial to follow the guidance of your healthcare provider regarding the use, discontinuation, or any changes to Enbrel treatment.

How long does Enbrel take to work?

The timeframe for observing noticeable effects with Enbrel (etanercept) can vary individually. Generally, some individuals may begin to experience improvements in their symptoms within a few weeks to a couple of months after initiating Enbrel treatment. However, individual responses differ, influenced by factors such as the type and severity of the autoimmune condition being treated, the consistency of medication use, and each person's unique physiological response. Adhering to the prescribed dosing schedule is crucial for optimal effectiveness. Regular communication with a healthcare provider is essential, as they will monitor the individual's response to Enbrel and may adjust the treatment plan accordingly. If there are concerns about the timeline for improvement or if any side effects are experienced, discussing them with the healthcare provider is important for personalized guidance.

Ace provides accurate and independent information medically reviewed on prescription medications. This material is provided for educational purposes only and is not intended for medical advice, diagnosis or treatment.