Xeljanz is a brand name for the medication Tofacitinib. It is a prescription drug used to treat certain autoimmune and inflammatory conditions, primarily those involving the immune system and the joints. Xeljanz is classified as a Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitor, which means it works by targeting and inhibiting specific enzymes called Janus kinases that play a role in the body's immune response and inflammatory processes.

Xeljanz is primarily used to treat the following conditions:

1. Rheumatoid Arthritis: Xeljanz is approved for the treatment of moderate to severe rheumatoid arthritis in adults who have not responded well to other disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs).
2. Psoriatic Arthritis: It is used to manage the symptoms of psoriatic arthritis, a condition that combines joint pain and skin psoriasis.
3. Ulcerative Colitis: Xeljanz is approved for the treatment of moderate to severe ulcerative colitis, a type of inflammatory bowel disease, in patients who have not responded well to other treatments.
4. Ankylosing Spondylitis: It may also be prescribed for the treatment of ankylosing spondylitis, a type of arthritis primarily affecting the spine and sacroiliac joints.
5. Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis: Xeljanz is approved for the treatment of moderate to severe juvenile idiopathic arthritis in children over the age of 2 years.

Xeljanz works by reducing the immune system's activity and, consequently, the inflammation associated with these conditions. Like any medication, it may have potential side effects and should be taken under the supervision of a healthcare provider who can assess its appropriateness for a specific individual and monitor their response to the treatment.

The specific dosing and administration of Xeljanz (Tofacitinib) can vary depending on the condition being treated and your healthcare provider's recommendations. It's crucial to follow your healthcare provider's instructions carefully. Here's a general guideline for taking Xeljanz:

1. Administration: Xeljanz is available in tablet form and is usually taken by mouth. Take the tablets as prescribed by your healthcare provider.
2. Dosing Schedule: The dosing schedule for Xeljanz depends on the condition being treated. Common dosing schedules include:
   • Rheumatoid Arthritis and Psoriatic Arthritis: The typical starting dose for adults is 5 mg taken orally twice daily. Your healthcare provider may adjust the dose based on your response.
   • Ulcerative Colitis: The dosing schedule may vary, but a common starting dose for adults is 10 mg taken orally twice daily for a certain period, followed by a lower maintenance dose.
   • Ankylosing Spondylitis: The typical dose is 5 mg taken orally twice daily.
   • Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis: The dosage for children is based on their weight and should be determined by a paediatric rheumatologist.
3. Timing: Xeljanz can be taken with or without food.
4. Follow Your Healthcare Provider's Instructions: Always take Xeljanz exactly as prescribed by your healthcare provider. Do not alter the dosage or stop taking it without their guidance.
5. Monitoring: Your healthcare provider will monitor your response to Xeljanz and may adjust the dose as needed. They will also check for any potential side effects or changes in your condition.
6. Side Effects: Be aware of potential side effects and contact your healthcare provider if you experience any unusual or severe side effects.

It's essential to maintain a close and open line of communication with your healthcare provider throughout your treatment with Xeljanz. They will provide you with the most accurate and personalised information on how to take the medication, monitor your progress, and address any concerns you may have. This information is intended as a general guideline, and your specific treatment plan may differ based on your medical condition and individual needs.

If you forget to take a dose of Xeljanz (Tofacitinib), follow these general guidelines:

1. Take the Missed Dose as Soon as You Remember: If you forget to take a dose, try to take it as soon as you remember, unless it's close to the time for your next scheduled dose. If that's the case, skip the missed dose and resume your regular dosing schedule. Do not take a double dose to make up for the missed one.
2. Continue with Your Regular Schedule: Continue taking Xeljanz as prescribed by your healthcare provider according to your regular schedule.
3. Notify Your Healthcare Provider: Inform your healthcare provider about the missed dose, especially if you miss multiple doses or if you are uncertain about what to do. They can provide guidance on how to proceed.
4. Do Not Compensate with Extra Doses: Do not take extra doses to make up for missed ones. This can increase the risk of side effects.

Consistency in taking Xeljanz as prescribed is important for maintaining its effectiveness in managing your condition. If you find it challenging to remember your dosing schedule, consider using medication reminder tools or setting alarms to help you stay on track. It's also a good practice to have open communication with your healthcare provider regarding any issues related to your medication, including missed doses or concerns about the treatment. They can provide guidance and support to ensure you are effectively managing your condition.

Taking too much of Xeljanz (Tofacitinib) can be potentially harmful and may increase the risk of side effects or adverse reactions. If you accidentally take more Xeljanz than prescribed, here's what you should do:

1. Seek Medical Attention: If you have taken an overdose of Xeljanz, contact your healthcare provider or seek immediate medical attention. Be sure to inform them of the overdose and provide details about how much medication you have taken.
2. Do Not Take More: Under no circumstances should you intentionally take additional doses to compensate for the overdose. This can be dangerous and is not an appropriate response to an accidental overdose.
3. Monitor for Side Effects: Be vigilant for any unusual or severe side effects, which may occur as a result of the overdose. Common side effects of Xeljanz include gastrointestinal issues, changes in blood counts, and an increased risk of infection.
4. Receive Medical Evaluation: Your healthcare provider may perform tests and evaluations to assess the impact of the overdose and determine the appropriate course of action.

Preventing an overdose is essential, so always take Xeljanz exactly as prescribed by your healthcare provider. If you have concerns or questions about your medication, dosing, or potential side effects, consult with your healthcare provider for guidance and clarification. They can help you understand the proper use of the medication and provide instructions specific to your medical condition and treatment plan.

Xeljanz (Tofacitinib) should be stored in accordance with the manufacturer's recommendations and your healthcare provider's guidance. Here are the general guidelines for storing Xeljanz:

1. Temperature: Store Xeljanz at room temperature between 20°C to 25°C. Avoid exposing it to extreme temperatures, such as freezing or excessive heat.
2. Protect from Light: Keep Xeljanz in its original container, and store it in a place that is not exposed to direct sunlight or strong light.
3. Keep Container Closed: Ensure that the container is tightly closed when not in use to prevent moisture and contamination.
4. Dry Place: Store Xeljanz in a dry place, away from excessive humidity, moisture, and direct contact with water.
5. Keep Out of Reach of Children: Store the medication in a location that is inaccessible to children and pets to prevent accidental ingestion.
6. Do Not Transfer Tablets: Do not transfer Xeljanz tablets to another container. Keep them in the original packaging.
7. Check Expiration Date: Always check the expiration date on the medication packaging, and do not use Xeljanz if it has expired.

It's important to follow these storage instructions to ensure that Xeljanz remains effective and safe for use. If you have specific questions or concerns about the storage of Xeljanz or any aspect of your treatment, consult with your healthcare provider for guidance tailored to your individual situation.

Xeljanz (Tofacitinib) is a medication that can be effective in treating autoimmune and inflammatory conditions, but like any medication, it may have potential side effects. The most common side effects of Xeljanz can include:

1. Infections: Xeljanz may increase the risk of infections. This can include respiratory infections, urinary tract infections, and skin infections. It's important to report any signs of infection to your healthcare provider.
2. Gastrointestinal Issues: Xeljanz may cause gastrointestinal problems, including diarrhea, stomach pain, and nausea.
3. Headache: Some individuals may experience headaches as a side effect of Xeljanz.
4. Hypertension (High Blood Pressure): Xeljanz can lead to an increase in blood pressure in some individuals.
5. Liver Enzyme Abnormalities: Abnormal liver enzyme levels may occur, and these should be monitored regularly by your healthcare provider.
6. Changes in Blood Counts: Xeljanz can affect blood cell counts, leading to a reduction in red blood cells, white blood cells, or platelets. This may increase the risk of anaemia, infection, or bleeding.
7. Elevated Cholesterol Levels: Some individuals may experience an increase in cholesterol levels while taking Xeljanz.
8. Skin Reactions: Skin reactions such as rash may occur.
9. Upper Respiratory Tract Infections: Infections of the upper respiratory tract, such as the common cold, may be more common in individuals taking Xeljanz.

Less commonly, but more importantly, Xeljanz can have serious side effects. While these serious side effects are less common, it's crucial to be aware of them and seek medical attention if you experience any of the following:

1. Serious Infections: Xeljanz can increase the risk of severe infections, including tuberculosis (TB), fungal infections, and other opportunistic infections.
2. Gastrointestinal Perforations: Rarely, Xeljanz has been associated with gastrointestinal perforations.
3. Blood Clots and Pulmonary Embolism: There is an increased risk of blood clots and pulmonary embolism in individuals taking Xeljanz.
4. Malignancies: Some studies have shown an increased risk of certain types of cancer in individuals taking Xeljanz.
5. Liver Problems: Severe liver problems, including liver failure, have been reported in some cases.

It's important to remember that the benefits of taking Xeljanz should be weighed against the potential risks and side effects. Your healthcare provider will carefully assess your specific medical condition and health history to determine if Xeljanz is an appropriate treatment for you. Additionally, they will monitor your condition and any potential side effects during your treatment. If you experience any concerning side effects or have questions, consult your healthcare provider promptly.

Yes, Xeljanz (Tofacitinib) may interact with other medicines, and it's essential to inform your healthcare provider of all the medications, supplements, and over-the-counter drugs you are taking. Some potential drug interactions to be aware of include:

1. Immunosuppressive Medications: Combining Xeljanz with other immunosuppressive drugs or biologics may increase the risk of infections and should be done with caution. Your healthcare provider will carefully evaluate the benefits and risks of such combinations.
2. Vaccines: Live vaccines should generally be avoided while on Xeljanz, as they may not be as effective and can pose an infection risk. Before receiving any vaccines, discuss with your healthcare provider.
3. Strong CYP3A4 Inhibitors: Xeljanz is metabolised by the CYP3A4 enzyme in the liver. Medications that strongly inhibit CYP3A4 may increase the concentration of Xeljanz in the bloodstream, potentially leading to more side effects. Your healthcare provider will consider these interactions when prescribing other medications.
4. Moderate CYP3A4 Inhibitors: Medications that moderately inhibit CYP3A4 may also interact with Xeljanz, so it's important to discuss these potential interactions with your healthcare provider.
5. Drugs with Nephrotoxic Potential: Medications that have the potential to cause kidney problems should be used cautiously in conjunction with Xeljanz.
6. Blood Thinners: Be cautious when using Xeljanz with anticoagulants or antiplatelet drugs, as they may increase the risk of bleeding.
7. Medications that Affect Liver Function: Some drugs that affect liver function, such as certain disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs), may interact with Xeljanz and affect its metabolism in the body.
8. Corticosteroids: Concomitant use of corticosteroids with Xeljanz may increase the risk of certain side effects.

It's crucial to communicate openly with your healthcare provider about all medications and supplements you are taking, including prescription drugs, over-the-counter medications, and herbal supplements. They can help you understand the potential interactions and make informed decisions about your treatment plan. Your healthcare provider will carefully assess the risks and benefits of any drug combinations and may adjust your treatment plan as needed.

Does Xeljanz lower your immune system?

Yes, Xeljanz (Tofacitinib) is classified as an immunosuppressive medication. It works by inhibiting the activity of specific enzymes called Janus kinases (JAKs) in the body. These enzymes play a role in the immune system's signalling pathways. By inhibiting JAKs, Xeljanz suppresses the immune response and reduces inflammation, making it an effective treatment for autoimmune and inflammatory conditions.

As a consequence of its immunosuppressive properties, Xeljanz can lower the activity of the immune system. While this can help in managing conditions like rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, and ulcerative colitis, it also means that individuals taking Xeljanz are at an increased risk of infections.

It's important to be vigilant about preventing and monitoring infections while taking Xeljanz. Your healthcare provider will guide you on best practices for managing your condition and minimizing infection risks, which may include avoiding live vaccines and practicing good hygiene. If you experience any signs of infection, such as fever, chills, cough, or persistent sore throat, it's crucial to promptly notify your healthcare provider. They will provide guidance on how to manage the infection and may adjust your treatment as needed.

How long does Xeljanz stay in your system?

The duration that Xeljanz (Tofacitinib) stays in your system can vary from person to person, but it has an estimated half-life of approximately 3 hours. This means that it takes about 3 hours for half of the drug to be eliminated from your system. However, it's important to understand that the effects of Xeljanz on your immune system and its therapeutic benefits may persist even after the drug has been metabolized and excreted.

The timing of your next dose and the dosing schedule prescribed by your healthcare provider will also influence how long the medication remains active in your system. Xeljanz is typically administered as a twice-daily medication, which means that it is taken approximately every 12 hours.

Your healthcare provider will determine the most appropriate dosing schedule for your specific condition and may make adjustments based on your response to the medication. If you have concerns about the timing and effectiveness of your Xeljanz treatment, it's important to discuss them with your healthcare provider, who can provide guidance tailored to your individual needs.

How long does Xeljanz take to work?

The time it takes for Xeljanz (Tofacitinib) to start working and provide noticeable relief from symptoms can vary from person to person and depends on the specific condition being treated. In general, it may take several weeks to a few months before significant improvement is observed. Here are some factors to consider:

1. Condition and Severity: The time it takes for Xeljanz to work can depend on the underlying condition and its severity. Some individuals may experience improvement in symptoms more quickly, while others may require more time.
2. Individual Response: Each person's body may respond differently to the medication. Some individuals may notice relief relatively quickly, while others may require more time for the drug to take effect.
3. Dosing Schedule: Xeljanz is typically administered twice daily, and the timing of subsequent doses may impact the speed of symptom relief. Your healthcare provider will determine the most appropriate dosing schedule for your condition.
4. Previous Treatments: Your response to Xeljanz can also be influenced by prior treatments and whether you have used other medications before starting Xeljanz.
5. Inflammation and Tissue Damage: It's important to note that while Xeljanz can help reduce inflammation and alleviate symptoms, it may not reverse tissue damage that has already occurred. Some improvement in joint damage may occur over time as a result of reduced inflammation.
6. Patient Monitoring: Your healthcare provider will monitor your progress while on Xeljanz, and adjustments to the treatment plan may be made based on your response.

It's essential to maintain open communication with your healthcare provider throughout your treatment with Xeljanz. If you have concerns about the time it is taking for the medication to work or if you do not notice significant improvement after a reasonable period, discuss your situation with your healthcare provider. They can provide guidance, adjust your treatment plan if necessary, or explore alternative treatments to manage your condition more effectively.

Ace provides accurate and independent information medically reviewed on prescription medications. This material is provided for educational purposes only and is not intended for medical advice, diagnosis or treatment.