Descovy combines two antiretroviral medicines, emtricitabine and tenofovir alafenamide (TAF), into a single tablet. Both belong to a class called nucleoside/nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs). Descovy is used as part of combination antiretroviral therapy (ART) to treat HIV-1 infection in adults and adolescents weighing at least 35kg.

How it works:

HIV uses an enzyme called reverse transcriptase to copy its genetic material inside your cells. Emtricitabine and tenofovir alafenamide both block this enzyme, preventing HIV from replicating. Descovy provides a dual-NRTI backbone and is typically prescribed alongside a third antiretroviral medicine to form a complete HIV regimen.

Tenofovir alafenamide (TAF) is a newer formulation of tenofovir that delivers a higher concentration of active drug directly into cells at a much lower blood level than the older tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF). This makes Descovy gentler on the kidneys and bones than older TDF-based combinations.

Your dose:

One tablet taken once daily. Always take it exactly as prescribed.

How to take it:

• Take Descovy with food
• Take it at the same time every day
• Swallow the tablet whole
  

Before you start:

• Tell your doctor about all medicines, vitamins, and supplements you take
• Let your doctor know if you have any kidney or liver problems, including hepatitis B or C
• If you have hepatitis B, do not stop taking Descovy without speaking to your doctor first, as stopping abruptly can cause a sudden worsening of hepatitis B
  

Ongoing check-ups:

Regular blood tests to monitor your viral load, CD4 count, kidney function, and liver health are essential.

• If you remember within 18 hours of your usual dose time: take it as soon as possible with food, then continue your regular schedule
• If more than 18 hours have passed: skip the missed dose and take your next one at the usual time
• Never take two tablets at once

Consistency is very important with HIV treatment.

If you are having trouble remembering, speak to your doctor or pharmacist.

If you think you have taken more than prescribed, call 000 or go to your nearest emergency department. Bring your medicine packet.

• Store below 30°C
• Keep in the original bottle, tightly closed
• The bottle contains a desiccant to control moisture. Do not remove it
• Keep out of reach of children and pets

Descovy is generally well tolerated.

Common side effects include:

• Nausea: Usually mild and tends to improve after the first few weeks. Taking with food helps
• Headache and fatigue: Common in the early weeks of treatment
• Diarrhoea: Usually mild and temporary
• Kidney changes: TAF is gentler on the kidneys than older tenofovir formulations, but kidney function is still monitored with regular blood tests
• Bone density: Long-term HIV treatment can affect bone density. TAF has a more favourable bone profile than TDF, but your doctor may recommend monitoring
• Liver flares: If you have hepatitis B and stop Descovy suddenly, your hepatitis B may worsen significantly. Always speak to your doctor before stopping

Contact your doctor or pharmacist if any side effect concerns you.

Tell your doctor and pharmacist everything you are taking.

Key interactions include:

• Rifampicin and certain anticonvulsants: These can significantly reduce Descovy's effectiveness
• St John's Wort: This herbal supplement reduces the levels of Descovy medicines in your blood. Avoid it
• Other antiretrovirals: Descovy should not be taken with other emtricitabine- or tenofovir-containing medicines

Never start, stop, or change any medicine without speaking to your doctor first.

What is the difference between Descovy and Truvada?

Both Descovy and Truvada contain emtricitabine, but they use different forms of tenofovir. Truvada contains tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF), while Descovy contains tenofovir alafenamide (TAF). TAF delivers the active drug more efficiently into cells at a much lower blood concentration, making Descovy gentler on the kidneys and bones. Your doctor will choose the most appropriate option for your health profile.

Is Descovy a complete HIV treatment?

No. Descovy provides two of the medicines needed in a complete HIV regimen. It must be combined with a third antiretroviral agent, such as an integrase inhibitor. Your doctor will prescribe the full combination appropriate for you.

Ace provides accurate and independent information medically reviewed on prescription medications. This material is provided for educational purposes only and is not intended for medical advice, diagnosis or treatment.